إطار مقترح لمراجعة الثقافة المؤسسية بواسطة المراجع الداخلي Proposed framework for auditing organizational culture by internal auditor

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلفون

کلية التجارة بنين بالقاهرة - جامعة الأزهر - طريق النصر - أمام قاعة المؤتمرات - مدينة نصر - القاهرة الرقم البريدي / 11751

المستخلص

Organizational (Institutional) culture is not considered one of the matters  that the institutions used to pay adequate attention to or note its role in achieving profits, but the emergence of many scandals in major international companies such as Toshiba led to the beginning of thinking about the importance of interest in reviewing the prevailing culture in the institution and Explain the internal auditor's role in conducting the audit process and tools That can be relied upon in this matter.                              
The process of reviewing the institutional culture is considered a major challenge for the internal auditor as well as the external auditor due to the potential resistance that each of them will face from some parties such as the management of the institution, which will often not be ready to accept the idea of what The return of the prevailing institutional culture, given the management’s belief that the culture of the institution is related to the culture and thought of the management  itself and therefore it may not be acceptable on its part to direct any criticism of its culture, or what it imposes specific orientations on the workers. 
This research aims to focus on the idea of reviewing the institutional culture by the internal auditor, and studying the methods and tools that the auditor can rely on to carry out this task, by clarifying the nature of the institutional culture, and the aspects related to the process of reviewing it. In addition to studying the factors that can lead to the success or failure of the internal auditor in reviewing the institutional culture, determining the scope of the review process, and suggesting the appropriate tools for that. 
The research depends on the method of analytical study through the review of references and previous studies related to the topic, and suggested appropriate tools and methods for implementing the process of reviewing the culture of the institution.                                                     

الكلمات الرئيسية


المراجع العربية:
1-         إمتثال رشيد جباي (2013)، الرقابة الإحصائية على جودة إنتاج الإسمنت في الشرکة العامة العراقية، مجلة الکوت للعلوم الاقتصادية والإدارية، جامعة بغداد، العدد30، ص.ص 30-33.
2-         بوحنية قوى (2003)، ثقافة المؤسسة کمدخل أساسي للتنمية الشاملة: دراسة فى طبيعة العلاقة بين المحددات الثقافية وکفاءة الأداء، مجلة الباحث، جامعة ورقلة، الجزائر، العدد2، ص.ص.70-79.
3-         جيمس باترسون (2016)، تحليل السبب الجذري من قبل التدقيق الداخلي، مجلة المدقق الداخلي، الشرق الأوسط، الامارات، ص.ص.16-18.
4-         جيمس روث (2018)، کيف يتم تدقيق الثقافة المؤسسية، مجلة المدقق الداخلى، الشرق الأوسط، الامارات، العدد 2، ص.ص.18-21.
5-         کشاط منى، بالرقى تيجانى (2017)، الأدوار الحديثة للتدقيق الداخلي على ضوء مستجدات الإطار المرجعي الدولى للممارسات المهنية، مجلة رؤى اقتصادية، جامعة الشهيد حمة لخضر الوادى، الجزائر، المجلد 7، العدد 2، ص.ص. 319-335.
6-         ريتشارد تشامبرز (2015)، ترکيز أعمال التدقيق الداخلي السليمة على الجذور لا على الفروع فقط، مقال منشور في العدد الأول من مجلة "المدقق الداخلي" والصادرة من جمعية المراجعين الداخليين اليمنية.
7-         علياء طلعت، ثقافة المؤسسة (2017):
8-         Available at:  https://www.ra2ed.comHYPERLINK "https://www.ra2ed.com/"/  29/ 6 2017.  
9-         نور الدين بوعلي (2014)، الثقافة التنظيمية وعلاقتها بالأداء التنظيمي، مجلة العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، جامعة سطيف، الجزائر، العدد 14، ص.ص. 151-160.
 
10-     وسام عزيز شناوة، أحمد محمود حسين (2018)، إدارة المخاطر في الوحدات الاقتصادية الصناعية باستعمال مخطط باريتو، مجلة دراسات محاسبية ومالية، المجلد الثالث عشر، العدد 42، الفصل الأول، ص.ص. 232-249.
ثانياً المراجع الأجنبية:
1-          Alan Simpson, CA: (2019). "Root cause analysis and audit quality", Available at:
https://www.icas.com/technical-resources/root-cause-analysis-and-audit-quality
2-          Alison Smith: (2017). CPD technical article: "Auditing culture - a case study by Barclays Bank", Available at:  https://www.accaglobal.com/uk/en/member/discover/cpd-articles/audit-assurance/auditing-culture.html.
3-          Alina Dizik: (2016), "The relationship between corporate culture and performance", The Wall Street Journal, Available at:
https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-relationship-between-corporate-culture-and-performance-1456110320.
4-          Arditi, D., Nayak, S. and Damci, A.:(2017). "Effect of Organizational Culture on Delay in Construction", International Journal of Project Management  35 (2): pp136-147. 
5-          Association of Chartered Certified Accountants: (2016). "Comments from the ACCA to The IAASB on Enhancing audit quality in the public interest: A focus on professional Skepticism, quality control and group audits", Available at:
https://www.ifac.org/system/files/publications/exposuredrafts/comments/IAASBITCEnhancingauditquality_draft_ACCA_3.2_FINAL.pdf.
6-          Association of Chartered Institute of Internal Auditors, "Organizational Culture – Evolving approaches to embedding and assurance", May 2016, pp1-28.
7-          Brian Hughes, Senior Vice President, Sologic: (2017). "A Step-By-Step Guide to Root Cause Analysis", Available at:  https://www.ifac.org/global-knowledge-gateway/audit-assurance/discussion/step-step-guide-root-cause-analysis.
8-          Brody Heritage, Clare Pollock, Lynne Roberts: (2014). "Validation of the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument", Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092879.
9-          Charles Rogel: (2014). "12 Attributes to Evaluate Your Organization Culture" Available at: https://decision-wise.com/12-attributes-to-evaluate-your-organization-culture/.
10-     Chartered Institute of Internal Auditors, Culture and the role of internal audit looking below the surface, June 2014, pp 1-20.
11-     Choi, Y., Seo, M., Scott, D., & Martin, J. J: (2010). "Validation of the organizational culture assessment instrument: An application of the Korean version". Journal of Sport Management, 24(2), pp 169-189. Available at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/coe_khs/30.
12-     Cynthia Solomon" (2018). "Basics of Culture Audits", Available at: https://www.td.org/newsletters/atd-links/basics-of-culture-audits.
13-     David Belson,: (2016). "Quality Improvement Methods for Use in QUERI Research Proposals and Grant Projects", University of Southern California, Available at:  https://www.queri.research.va.gov/implementation/quality_improvement/QI_Methods.pdf.
14-     David Walker: (2019)." Finding the root cause in audit", The journal of the global  Accounting alliance, Available at: http://www.gaaaccounting.com/finding-the-root-cause-in-audit.
15-     Gordana Gavric, Goran Sormaz ,Djordje Ilic: (2016). "The impact of organizational culture on The ultimate performance of a company", International Review, Faculty of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, PP25 – 30.
16-     Improving audit quality using root cause analysis What, why, how, who and when?, A paper for external auditors, Audit& Assurance Faculty Available at:  https://www.icaew.com/-/media/corporate/files/technical/audit-and-assurance/practical-help/quality-control/publications-and-learning-material/improving-audit-quality-using-root-cause-analysis.ashx.
 
17-     Jeffrey Dunn: (2019). "12 Questions to Evaluate Where Your Corporate Culture Needs Improvement", American Management Association, Available at: https://playbook.amanet.org/training-articles-12-questions-evaluate-corporate-culture/
18-     Mark R. Testa, Lori J. Sipe: (2013). "The Organizational Culture Audit: Countering Cultural Ambiguity in the Service Context", Open Journal of Leadership. Vol.2, No.2, pp36-44, Available at:
19-     Olof Bik RA: (2019). "Ten considerations for conducting Root Cause Analysis in auditing –Practice Note "–  Foundation for Auditing Research Available at: https://foundationforauditingresearch.org/files/papers/ten-considerations-for-conducting-root-cause-analysis-in-auditing_1558354850_1f9f1838.pdf. 
20-     Res. Asst. Burcu Aydin: (2018). "The role of organizational culture on leadership styles", MANAS Journal of Social Studies,  Vol: 7 No: 1pp 267-280.
21-     Romi Ilham: (2018). "The Impact of Organizational Culture and Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance", Journal of Advanced Management Science Vol. 6, No.1, pp50-53.
22-     Richard Chambers: (2015). "When Culture Is the Culprit: Lessons From Toshiba, Hertz, and FIFA", Available at:
23-     Siti Kustinah: (2013). "The Influence Of Dysfunctional Behavior And Individual Culture On Audit Quality", International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research Volume  2, Issue 5, pp 118- 125.
24-  Steve Bruce CA: (2018). "Organisational culture and the challenge for internal audit", The Journal of the Global Accounting Alliance, Available at:
http://www.gaaaccounting.com/organisational-culture-and-the-challenge-for-internal-audit/.